Delirium of Jealousy: When Jealousy Becomes Pathological
Jealousy is a common human emotion that can arise in different types of relationships.
However, when this emotion becomes extreme, unfounded, and persistent, it can develop into a disorder known as delusional jealousy or Othello syndrome .
This type of delusion, usually associated with psychotic disorders, leads to unwavering beliefs of betrayal on the part of the partner, even without any concrete evidence.
Consequently, this situation can lead to serious consequences for the relationship and mental health of the affected individual.
What is Delusional Jealousy?
Delusional jealousy is a psychiatric condition characterized by an irrational and unquestionable belief in infidelity.
In this way, the affected person not only feels jealous, but is completely convinced that their partner is unfaithful, even when there is evidence to the contrary. Furthermore, this condition can be present in disorders such as:
- Paranoid schizophrenia
- Persistent delusional disorder
- Bipolar affective disorder (manic phase)
- Dementias, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s
- Substance dependence, such as alcohol and cocaine.
Main Symptoms
- Extreme and unfounded distrust
- Constant stalking by a partner (checking their phone, social media, personal belongings)
- Misinterpreting neutral signals as evidence of betrayal.
- Aggressive or possessive behavior
- Attempting to exert excessive control over a partner’s life.
Therefore, it is crucial to be aware of these signs in order to seek professional help as soon as possible.
Clinical Examples
Case 1: The Obsessive Husband
Carlos, a 45-year-old man, began to believe that his wife was cheating on him with a coworker.
Although he had never found any incriminating messages or witnessed any suspicious behavior, he interpreted any lateness to work as proof of infidelity.
As time went on, he began to follow her, checking her clothes for “proof” and even installing hidden cameras. Even after his wife demonstrated loyalty, Carlos couldn’t change his belief, convinced that there was a conspiracy against him.
Case 2: The Woman Who Saw Signs Where There Were None
Fernanda , a 38-year-old woman, became suspicious of her husband after noticing him smiling at supermarket cashiers.
As a result, she began to interpret small gestures, such as him using his cell phone, as signs of infidelity.
Over time, her thoughts became obsessive, and even when her husband was by her side, she believed he was cheating on her. The paranoia led to episodes of aggression and intense emotional crises.
Difference Between Common Jealousy and Delusional Jealousy
| Feature | Normal Jealousy | Delirium of Jealousy |
|---|---|---|
| Based on Reality | Yes, there are concrete reasons or genuine doubt. | No, those beliefs are unfounded. |
| Degree of Intensity | Moderate, can be controlled. | Intense and irrational |
| Behavior | Questions and occasional insecurity | Stalking, aggression and obsession |
| Reaction to the Clarification | You can accept explanations. | He doesn’t change his mind, even with evidence. |
In this way, it becomes clear that delusional jealousy goes far beyond a simple feeling of insecurity.
The Role of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in Treatment
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ( CBT) is one of the most effective approaches for treating delusional jealousy. This is because it helps to modify dysfunctional beliefs and reduce obsessive behaviors.
Furthermore, this approach promotes the restructuring of thoughts and teaches new ways of dealing with emotions.
How does CBT work?
- Identifying Dysfunctional Thoughts : The therapist works to help the patient recognize patterns of paranoid thinking.
- Cognitive Restructuring Training : Helps the patient to challenge and reshape irrational beliefs.
- Exposure and Response Prevention : Techniques for reducing compulsive behaviors, such as excessive checking.
- Developing Emotional Control Strategies : Teaches techniques for dealing with impulsivity and insecurity.
For example, a patient can learn to replace negative automatic thoughts with more rational and realistic interpretations.
Success Story with CBT
Pedro, a 50-year-old man, believed his wife was cheating on him whenever she went out with her friends. After starting CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy), he learned to recognize his obsessive thoughts and apply techniques to question them.
Consequently, she was able to reduce her anxiety and regain confidence in the relationship.
Conclusion
Delusional jealousy is not merely exaggerated insecurity, but a serious psychological disorder that can compromise relationships and even lead to violent behavior.
Therefore, appropriate treatment, especially with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, is essential to help the patient regain control of their emotions and thoughts.
If jealousy becomes extreme and irrational, seeking professional help can prevent serious consequences.
